Movement to make scientific research, data, and dissemination accessible to all levels of society.
Key components:
Open Access: Free availability and unrestricted use of research articles.
Open Data: Sharing data freely for anyone to use, reuse, and redistribute.
Open Methodology: Transparency in research methods.
Open Source: Use and development of software, freely accessible and modifiable.
Open Peer Review: Transparent review processes to enhance research credibility.
Open Educational Resources: Free access to educational materials and resources
Reproducibility: Facilitates the verification and replication of research results.
Increased Collaborations, across academia, industry, public authorities, citizen groups.
Accelerated Innovation: Faster progress through shared knowledge and resources
Greater Impact through wider dissemination
Enhanced Transparency: Promotes trust in scientific findings
Public Engagement, fostering a more scientifically literate society.
I can reuse and adapt this figure:
Or I can re-use curated, high-quality data from a far-away university to make my own plots
#INSERT RACHAMANDRAN#
Some aspects of it are made mandatory by funding agencies, trustees
Horizon Europe and ERC 🇬🇧
Plan S 🇬🇧
Charte de l’Inserm pour la science ouverte 🇫🇷
Open archive repositories may serve individual and team evaluation
Open Science practices are evaluated in funding/fellowship proposals
“As open as possible, as closed as necessary”: Results and data may be kept closed if making them public in open access is against the researcher’s legitimate interests, e.g.
commercially exploitation of research results
if it is against any obligations mentioned in the Grant Agreement (e.g. personal data protection)
Publish in Open Access journals
Share your data in open repositories
Use open-source tools and software
Advocate for Open Science policies in your institution
Educate others about the importance and benefits of Open Science
Free and with good visibility for well-known repositories (BioRχiv, ChemRxiv)
Supported by many publishers
Possible to revise the manuscript and thus to upload accepted manuscript
Possible to link final paper to preprint
Authors retain copyright
Authors establish precedence
Self-archiving on repositories or personal sites
Uses pre-prints or post-prints (not final publisher version)
May have embargo periods
Free access; no APCs
Published in fully OA journals
Immediate access to final published version
APCs usually required
High visibility and wide dissemination
No APCs for authors or readers
Often funded by institutions, societies, governments
Focuses on providing free access to both readers and authors
Free and equitable access for all
Subscription journals with optional OA per article
Authors pay APCs for OA
Meets OA mandates
“Double-dipping”: subscriptions and APCs
INSERM’s opinion [source]
Certaines revues fonctionnent selon un modèle hybride : les articles y sont a priori publiés selon le modèle classique (payant pour le lecteur), mais la revue donne le choix aux auteurs de payer pour que leur travail soit publié en libre accès (payant pour l’auteur). Publier en Open Access dans ce type de revue est dès lors fortement déconseillé car cela entraîne un double paiement : celui de l’abonnement pour consulter l’ensemble de la revue et celui des frais de publication en Open Access
The license impacts what people can do with your work, e.g.
CC BY: Reusers can distribute
if attribution given
remixed, adapted, built upon
including for commercial use
CC BY-NC-ND: Reusers can copy and distribute the work
if attribution given
in unadapted form only
for non-commercial use only
The license impacts the article processing charges (APCs)
The go-to repository in France is HAL
Possibility to link Orcid, Google Scholar, etc.
Somewhat redundant local initiative @UBx: OSKAR
For PhD thesis: theses.fr
Disclaimer
Publishers may require the addition of disclaimers on top of accepted/published manuscript depositions e.g. ACS:
You should:
Refer to your funding mandate: it may have specific requirements regarding archiving
Consider the publisher’s policy: permissions can vary
Determine whether you can use the publisher’s or the author accepted version (AAM)
I publish, what are my rights? 🇫🇷
Consult the guide from Ouvrir la Science !
The opinion of Lund’s University Faculty of Law
When it comes to parallel publishing/self-archiving, it is difficult to make a general statement about what is permitted or not as it varies from one publisher to another and between different types of publications, and policies are frequently updated. Even if you retain the copyright to your text, you do not automatically have the copyright to the publisher’s PDF version. Publishing houses have different policies on this, more or less official.
An important question to consider is whether you want to use the publisher’s PDF version or a so-called author’s version, the last approved and corrected manuscript version before the publisher adds their journal layout. Many publishers allow the author’s version to be used without special permission and some allow the PDF version to be used if permission is requested, even though possible contracts or official policies may state otherwise.
Recommendation 1: Archive in an open repository
The 2016 Digital Republic Act [Légifrance 🇫🇷] grants authors the right to deposit the AAM in an open archive
Researchers are required to systematically deposit all new scientific publications in full text in the national open archive HAL
AAMs must be deposited immediately after acceptance for publication
The use of ORCID and idHAL identifiers is highly recommended to prevent any ambiguity in author identification and to facilitate deposits
Articles deposited on HAL and mentioned in researchers’ files will serve as the basis for evaluating their output
The evaluation of research structures will be based on the same principle, with the HCERES relying on collections structured in HAL (teams, units)
F1. (Meta)data are assigned a globally unique and persistent identifier
F2. Data are described with rich metadata (defined by R1)
F3. Metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data they describe
F4. (Meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource
A1. (Meta)data are retrievable by their identifier using a standardised communications protocol
A1.1 The protocol is open, free, and universally implementable
A1.2 The protocol allows for an authentication and authorisation procedure, where necessary
A2. Metadata are accessible, even when the data are no longer available
I1. (Meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation.
I2. (Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles
I3. (Meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data
R1. (Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes
R1.1. (Meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license
R1.2. (Meta)data are associated with detailed provenance
R1.3. (Meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards
Zenodo,…
GitHub, GitLab, BitBucket,…
CNRS 🇬🇧🇫🇷
Resources to access papers: Highly recommended: the Click & Read extension ❤️
INSERM 🇫🇷
UBx 🇬🇧🇫🇷
open.u-bordeaux.fr: Open access journals from UBx
European Commission 🇬🇧: Q&A on what you should comply with (for funding)
Plan S 🇬🇧: Initiative for Open Access publishing, built by a group of national research funding organisations, with the support of the ERC
Couperin consortium 🇫🇷: Negociates on behalf of public entities for publication access/publishing costs (among other things)
Publication licensing
Creative Commons 🇬🇧🇫🇷: Choose what people can do with your work
Software/repository licensing
BioRχiv 🇬🇧: Bio[insert your specialty]
ChemRxiv 🇬🇧: Chemistry
Europe PMC
If a preprint has been published in a journal indexed in Europe PMC, the preprint and published article are linked. Preprints are linked to data behind the paper, can be claimed to an ORCID, included in citation networks, and linked to platforms that comment on or peer review preprints